Grades. Formative assessments. Summative assessments. Whatever we call these things, teachers have the responsibility to report the degree to which students have learned what they were supposed to learn. While this seems a straight-forward aspect of the work, it is highly contentious, and different educators have very different perspectives on it. I have addressed this Read More
Category: Teaching & Learning
Two Kinds of “Standard” Tests
There are two types of tests administered to large numbers of students: standardized and standards based. For IT professionals who are designing systems to administer the tests, there is no difference; devices new reliable and secure connections to the servers where the test is housed, user accounts must be created and testing conditions managed. For Read More
What it Means to Learn
Since I was a teenager, I’ve been interested in teaching and learning. My adult life has been spent as an educator in many roles and in several types of institutions. I’ve taught, led, researched, read and studied, written… and learned. One unquestionable conclusion about learning (in my opinion) is that we use one single term Read More
Vygotsky was Right
Alex Kozulin noted in the prologue to his book Vygotsky’s Psychology (1990), For Vygotsky, one’s psychology is the product of complex dynamics between the individual and his or her social environment, and new discoveries raise more questions that can only be understood using inclusive methods. For Vygtosky, learning is a social process.
What We Mean by “They Learned It”
In addition to having strong foundational knowledge (what we traditionally understand learning to be), we want those who have “learned it” to be able to use it critically; they should be able to judge the quality of their knowledge and the degree to which it will suffice in the current situation. We want those who Read More
“I Taught It, They Didn’t Learn It.”
Teachers complain. They complain a lot. No, really. You can’t imagine the things teachers say about students, students’ previous teachers, colleagues, administrators, parents and society, and everyone else. After more than three decades of hearing it, I may nod, but it is like white noise to me; with one exception. When I hear, “I taught Read More
Variation–It Belongs in Schools
The last generation of educators have been focused on standards. We fuss and fret over what it is students are supposed to know and we obsess over the dubious data we are given to indicate the degree to which students are or are not learning it. Standards were originally proposed as a strategy for ensuring Read More
On Teaching for Transfer
Scholars who study learning transfer generally differentiate near transfer from far transfer. Near transfer refers to a learner’s ability to use their knowledge and skill in settings that are similar to those in which they originally learned. In some training settings (for example learning how to operate hardware or software), the application setting is almost Read More
On Variety in Teaching
Teaching is often assumed to be a simple system: The curriculum is assumed to be well-know and clearly defined (it isn’t–unless one accepts textbook publishers’ profit-driven judgments). Instruction is assumed to be reliable (it isn’t—at least when we really look and ask). Assessment is assumed to be valid (it isn’t—really, we have no tests measure Read More
Buzz-word Driven Education: A Brief Rant
One of the defining characteristics of “buzz-word-driven” teaching is its advocates’ insistence that its universal applicability. Those advocating the approach will maintain the methods work for all students in all classes in all circumstances. This is supported with dubious evidence at best, and often there is no evidence that the methods will actually produce the Read More